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Knowledge of International Container Transportation System (4) Features and Marks of Container Transportation

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  • Time of issue:2017-12-08 14:38
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(Summary description)Characteristicsofcontainertransportation Theordinarybulkcargotransportationhasalonghistoryoflowloadingandunloadingandtransportationefficiency,longtime,severecargodamageandpoorcargoquality,affectingthequalityoffreight,complicatedfreightprocedures,andaffectingworkefficiency.Therefore,ithasextremelyeconomicaleffectsoncargoowners,shippingcompaniesandports.Adversesideeffects.Inordertosolvetheabove-mentionedinsurmountableshortcomingsofbulkcargoestransportedbyordinarycargoships,practicehasprovedthattheaboveproblemscanbecompletelysolvedonlybycontainertransportation. Howtospeedupthecirculationprocessofgoods,reducethecirculationcosts,savethelaborconsumptionoflogistics,realizetherapid,lowconsumption,highefficiencyandhighefficiencytocompletethetransportationproductionprocessanddeliverthegoodstotheirdestinationsanddeliverthemtotheconsignees,whichrequireschangeThetransportationmodemakesitahigh-efficiency,high-efficiencyandhigh-qualitytransportationmode,andcontainertransportationisjustsuchatransportationmode.Ithasthefollowingcharacteristics. 一,high-efficiencytransportationmethods  Thehigheconomicbenefitsofcontainertransportationaremainlyreflectedinthefollowingaspects: 1.Simplifypackagingandsavealotofpackagingcosts.Inordertopreventthegoodsfrombeingdamagedduringtransportation,theremustbestrongpackaging,andthecontainerhasstrongandsealedcharacteristics,whichisanexcellentpackaginginitself.Theuseofacontainercansimplifypackaging,andsomeorevennopackagingisrequiredtoachieveunpackagedtransportationofmiscellaneousgoods,whichcangreatlysavepackagingcosts.  2.Reducecargodamageandspreadandimprovefreightquality.Sincethecontainerisasturdysealedbox,thecontaineritselfisasturdypackage.Afterthegoodsareboxedandsealed,thereisnoneedtounpackandreloadthemontheway.Onetickettotheend,evenafterlongdistancetransportationormultiplereloading,willnoteasilydamagethegoodsinthebox.Containerlogisticscanreducecargodamageandcargospreadcausedbytheft,humidity,andpollution.Itiswelcomedbycargoownersandshippingcompanies.Italsoreducesthewasteofsocialwealthduetothereductionofcargocargodamageandcargospreadrates.Socialbenefits.  3.Reduceoperatingcostsandtransportationcosts.Astheloadingandunloadingofcontainersislargelyunaffectedbyharshweather,theship’snon-productiveberthingtimeisshortened,andduetothehighloadingandunloadingefficiency,theloadingandunloadingtimeisshortened.Forshippingcompanies,sailingratescanbeimproved.Reducingthecostofshiptransportation,fortheport,itcanincreasetheberthcapacity,therebyincreasingthroughputandrevenue. 二,efficienttransportation  Thetraditionalmodeoftransportationhasthedisadvantagesofmanyloadingandunloadinglinks,highlaborintensity,lowloadingandunloadingefficiency,andslowshipturnover.Andcontainershippinghascompletelychangedthissituation. First,loadingandunloadingofordinarycargoshipsisgenerallyabout35tperhour,whilecontainerloadingandunloadingcanreachabout400tperhour,whichgreatlyimprovestheloadingandunloadingefficiency.Atthesametime,duetothehighdegreeofmechanizationofcontainerloadingandunloading,thenumberofloadingandunloadingworkersrequiredpershiftgroupisverysmall,andtheaveragelaborproductivityofeachworkerhasgreatlyimproved. Inaddition,duetothehighefficiencyofcontainerloadingandunloading,theimpactoftheweatherissmall,andtheship'sstaytimeintheportisgreatlyshortened.Asaresult,theship'svoyagetimeisshortened,theship'sturnoverisaccelerated,thesailingrateisgreatlyimproved,andtheship'sproductionefficiencyisimprovedaccordingly.Capacity,withoutincreasingthenumberofships,cancompletemoretrafficandincreasetherevenueofshippingcompanies.Inthisway,highefficiencyleadstohighefficiency. 三.HighInvestmentTransportationMode Althoughcontainertransportationisahighlyefficientmodeoftransportation,itisalsoahighlycapital-intensiveindustry.First,shippingcompaniesmustinvestheavilyinshipsandcontainers.Accordingtorelevantdata,thecostpercubicfootofcontainershipsisabout3.7to4timesthatofordinarycargoships.Theinvestmentincontainersisquitelarge,andthehighinvestmentrequiredtocarryoutcontainertransportationmakesthefixedcostoftheshippingcompany'stotalcostaccountforaconsiderableproportion,uptomorethantwo-thirds. Second,theinvestmentinportsincontainertransportationisalsoquitelarge.Theterminalfacilitiesofthededicatedcontainerberthsincludetheterminalshorelineandfrontier,freightyards,freightstations,maintenanceworkshops,controltowers,porters,andcontainerhandlingmachinery,etc.,whicharecostly. Inaddition,inordertocarryoutmultimodalcontainertransportation,correspondinginternalfacilitiesandinlandfreightstationsarealsorequired.Inordertosupporttheconstruction,thisrequirestheconstruction,expansion,transformation,andupgradingofexistinghighways,railways,bridges,culverts,etc.Thisinvestmentisevenmoreamazing!Itcanbeseenthatwithoutsufficientfundstocarryoutcontainertransportation,itisdifficulttorealizecontainerization.Wemustactinaccordancewithnationalstrengthandfinallyachievecontainerization. 四.Highlycooperativetransportationmethods Containertransportationinvolvesawiderangeofareas,manylinksandalargeimpact

Knowledge of International Container Transportation System (4) Features and Marks of Container Transportation

(Summary description)Characteristicsofcontainertransportation Theordinarybulkcargotransportationhasalonghistoryoflowloadingandunloadingandtransportationefficiency,longtime,severecargodamageandpoorcargoquality,affectingthequalityoffreight,complicatedfreightprocedures,andaffectingworkefficiency.Therefore,ithasextremelyeconomicaleffectsoncargoowners,shippingcompaniesandports.Adversesideeffects.Inordertosolvetheabove-mentionedinsurmountableshortcomingsofbulkcargoestransportedbyordinarycargoships,practicehasprovedthattheaboveproblemscanbecompletelysolvedonlybycontainertransportation. Howtospeedupthecirculationprocessofgoods,reducethecirculationcosts,savethelaborconsumptionoflogistics,realizetherapid,lowconsumption,highefficiencyandhighefficiencytocompletethetransportationproductionprocessanddeliverthegoodstotheirdestinationsanddeliverthemtotheconsignees,whichrequireschangeThetransportationmodemakesitahigh-efficiency,high-efficiencyandhigh-qualitytransportationmode,andcontainertransportationisjustsuchatransportationmode.Ithasthefollowingcharacteristics. 一,high-efficiencytransportationmethods  Thehigheconomicbenefitsofcontainertransportationaremainlyreflectedinthefollowingaspects: 1.Simplifypackagingandsavealotofpackagingcosts.Inordertopreventthegoodsfrombeingdamagedduringtransportation,theremustbestrongpackaging,andthecontainerhasstrongandsealedcharacteristics,whichisanexcellentpackaginginitself.Theuseofacontainercansimplifypackaging,andsomeorevennopackagingisrequiredtoachieveunpackagedtransportationofmiscellaneousgoods,whichcangreatlysavepackagingcosts.  2.Reducecargodamageandspreadandimprovefreightquality.Sincethecontainerisasturdysealedbox,thecontaineritselfisasturdypackage.Afterthegoodsareboxedandsealed,thereisnoneedtounpackandreloadthemontheway.Onetickettotheend,evenafterlongdistancetransportationormultiplereloading,willnoteasilydamagethegoodsinthebox.Containerlogisticscanreducecargodamageandcargospreadcausedbytheft,humidity,andpollution.Itiswelcomedbycargoownersandshippingcompanies.Italsoreducesthewasteofsocialwealthduetothereductionofcargocargodamageandcargospreadrates.Socialbenefits.  3.Reduceoperatingcostsandtransportationcosts.Astheloadingandunloadingofcontainersislargelyunaffectedbyharshweather,theship’snon-productiveberthingtimeisshortened,andduetothehighloadingandunloadingefficiency,theloadingandunloadingtimeisshortened.Forshippingcompanies,sailingratescanbeimproved.Reducingthecostofshiptransportation,fortheport,itcanincreasetheberthcapacity,therebyincreasingthroughputandrevenue. 二,efficienttransportation  Thetraditionalmodeoftransportationhasthedisadvantagesofmanyloadingandunloadinglinks,highlaborintensity,lowloadingandunloadingefficiency,andslowshipturnover.Andcontainershippinghascompletelychangedthissituation. First,loadingandunloadingofordinarycargoshipsisgenerallyabout35tperhour,whilecontainerloadingandunloadingcanreachabout400tperhour,whichgreatlyimprovestheloadingandunloadingefficiency.Atthesametime,duetothehighdegreeofmechanizationofcontainerloadingandunloading,thenumberofloadingandunloadingworkersrequiredpershiftgroupisverysmall,andtheaveragelaborproductivityofeachworkerhasgreatlyimproved. Inaddition,duetothehighefficiencyofcontainerloadingandunloading,theimpactoftheweatherissmall,andtheship'sstaytimeintheportisgreatlyshortened.Asaresult,theship'svoyagetimeisshortened,theship'sturnoverisaccelerated,thesailingrateisgreatlyimproved,andtheship'sproductionefficiencyisimprovedaccordingly.Capacity,withoutincreasingthenumberofships,cancompletemoretrafficandincreasetherevenueofshippingcompanies.Inthisway,highefficiencyleadstohighefficiency. 三.HighInvestmentTransportationMode Althoughcontainertransportationisahighlyefficientmodeoftransportation,itisalsoahighlycapital-intensiveindustry.First,shippingcompaniesmustinvestheavilyinshipsandcontainers.Accordingtorelevantdata,thecostpercubicfootofcontainershipsisabout3.7to4timesthatofordinarycargoships.Theinvestmentincontainersisquitelarge,andthehighinvestmentrequiredtocarryoutcontainertransportationmakesthefixedcostoftheshippingcompany'stotalcostaccountforaconsiderableproportion,uptomorethantwo-thirds. Second,theinvestmentinportsincontainertransportationisalsoquitelarge.Theterminalfacilitiesofthededicatedcontainerberthsincludetheterminalshorelineandfrontier,freightyards,freightstations,maintenanceworkshops,controltowers,porters,andcontainerhandlingmachinery,etc.,whicharecostly. Inaddition,inordertocarryoutmultimodalcontainertransportation,correspondinginternalfacilitiesandinlandfreightstationsarealsorequired.Inordertosupporttheconstruction,thisrequirestheconstruction,expansion,transformation,andupgradingofexistinghighways,railways,bridges,culverts,etc.Thisinvestmentisevenmoreamazing!Itcanbeseenthatwithoutsufficientfundstocarryoutcontainertransportation,itisdifficulttorealizecontainerization.Wemustactinaccordancewithnationalstrengthandfinallyachievecontainerization. 四.Highlycooperativetransportationmethods Containertransportationinvolvesawiderangeofareas,manylinksandalargeimpact

  • Categories:Industry knowledge
  • Author:Webmaster
  • Origin:This site
  • Time of issue:2017-12-08 14:38
  • Views:
Information
Characteristics of container transportation
 
The ordinary bulk cargo transportation has a long history of low loading and unloading and transportation efficiency, long time, severe cargo damage and poor cargo quality, affecting the quality of freight, complicated freight procedures, and affecting work efficiency. Therefore, it has extremely economical effects on cargo owners, shipping companies and ports. Adverse side effects. In order to solve the above-mentioned insurmountable shortcomings of bulk cargoes transported by ordinary cargo ships, practice has proved that the above problems can be completely solved only by container transportation.
 
How to speed up the circulation process of goods, reduce the circulation costs, save the labor consumption of logistics, realize the rapid, low consumption, high efficiency and high efficiency to complete the transportation production process and deliver the goods to their destinations and deliver them to the consignees, which requires change The transportation mode makes it a high-efficiency, high-efficiency and high-quality transportation mode, and container transportation is just such a transportation mode. It has the following characteristics.
 
一, high-efficiency transportation methods
   
The high economic benefits of container transportation are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
 
1. Simplify packaging and save a lot of packaging costs. In order to prevent the goods from being damaged during transportation, there must be strong packaging, and the container has strong and sealed characteristics, which is an excellent packaging in itself. The use of a container can simplify packaging, and some or even no packaging is required to achieve unpackaged transportation of miscellaneous goods, which can greatly save packaging costs.
   
2. Reduce cargo damage and spread and improve freight quality. Since the container is a sturdy sealed box, the container itself is a sturdy package. After the goods are boxed and sealed, there is no need to unpack and reload them on the way. One ticket to the end, even after long distance transportation or multiple reloading, will not easily damage the goods in the box. Container logistics can reduce cargo damage and cargo spread caused by theft, humidity, and pollution. It is welcomed by cargo owners and shipping companies. It also reduces the waste of social wealth due to the reduction of cargo cargo damage and cargo spread rates. Social benefits.
   
3. Reduce operating costs and transportation costs. As the loading and unloading of containers is largely unaffected by harsh weather, the ship ’s non-productive berthing time is shortened, and due to the high loading and unloading efficiency, the loading and unloading time is shortened. For shipping companies, sailing rates can be improved. Reducing the cost of ship transportation, for the port, it can increase the berth capacity, thereby increasing throughput and revenue.
 
二, efficient transportation
   
The traditional mode of transportation has the disadvantages of many loading and unloading links, high labor intensity, low loading and unloading efficiency, and slow ship turnover. And container shipping has completely changed this situation.
 
First, loading and unloading of ordinary cargo ships is generally about 35t per hour, while container loading and unloading can reach about 400t per hour, which greatly improves the loading and unloading efficiency. At the same time, due to the high degree of mechanization of container loading and unloading, the number of loading and unloading workers required per shift group is very small, and the average labor productivity of each worker has greatly improved.
 
In addition, due to the high efficiency of container loading and unloading, the impact of the weather is small, and the ship's stay time in the port is greatly shortened. As a result, the ship's voyage time is shortened, the ship's turnover is accelerated, the sailing rate is greatly improved, and the ship's production efficiency is improved accordingly. Capacity, without increasing the number of ships, can complete more traffic and increase the revenue of shipping companies. In this way, high efficiency leads to high efficiency.
 
三. High Investment Transportation Mode
 
Although container transportation is a highly efficient mode of transportation, it is also a highly capital-intensive industry. First, shipping companies must invest heavily in ships and containers. According to relevant data, the cost per cubic foot of container ships is about 3.7 to 4 times that of ordinary cargo ships. The investment in containers is quite large, and the high investment required to carry out container transportation makes the fixed cost of the shipping company's total cost account for a considerable proportion, up to more than two-thirds.
 
Second, the investment in ports in container transportation is also quite large. The terminal facilities of the dedicated container berths include the terminal shoreline and frontier, freight yards, freight stations, maintenance workshops, control towers, porters, and container handling machinery, etc., which are costly.
 
In addition, in order to carry out multimodal container transportation, corresponding internal facilities and inland freight stations are also required. In order to support the construction, this requires the construction, expansion, transformation, and upgrading of existing highways, railways, bridges, culverts, etc. This investment is even more amazing! It can be seen that without sufficient funds to carry out container transportation, it is difficult to realize containerization. We must act in accordance with national strength and finally achieve containerization.
 
四. Highly cooperative transportation methods
 
Container transportation involves a wide range of areas, many links and a large impact, and is a complex transportation system project. The container transportation system includes shipping, land transportation, air transportation, ports, freight stations, as well as units and departments such as customs, commodity inspection, shipping agency companies, and freight agency companies related to container transportation. If they do not cooperate with each other properly, it will affect the functioning of the entire transportation system. If a link is wrong, it will affect the overall situation and even cause transportation production to stop and be interrupted. Therefore, a high degree of coordination among all links and departments of the entire transportation system is required.
V. Suitable for organizing multimodal transport
   
Because the container transportation is reloading between different modes of transport, it is not necessary to transport the goods in the box but only to reload the container, which improves the efficiency of the reloading operation and is suitable for the combined transportation between different transport modes. When reloading and transshipment, the customs and relevant supervision units only need to seal or check the seal for clearance, thereby improving the transportation efficiency.
 
In addition, since international container transportation and multimodal transportation are an industry with capital intensive, technology intensive and high management requirements, and a complex transportation system project, this requires managers, technicians, and business personnel with high quality In order to be competent, and to give full play to the advantages of international container transportation.
Related parties of container transportation
 
With the gradual development and maturity of container transportation, the management methods and working mechanisms that are different from traditional transportation methods have also developed accordingly, forming a set of transportation systems that are suitable for the characteristics of container transportation.
 
Mainly include:
1. The actual carrier operating the container cargo transportation. Including shipping companies that operate container shipping, associates, highway container shipping companies, air container shipping companies, etc.
 
2. NVOCC. In container shipping. A professional organization that handles container freight forwarding, packing, unpacking, inland transportation, and operating transit stations or inland stations but does not have a grasp of the means of transport is called a NVOCC. It acts as an intermediate bridge between the carrier and the shipper.
 
3. Container leasing company. This is an emerging industry that has risen with the development of container transportation. It specializes in container rental business.
   
4. Intermodal P & I Association. An insurance organization that is mutually insured by shipping companies to provide comprehensive and unified insurance for all damages that may be suffered during container transportation. This is a new insurance organization after the development of container transportation.
 
5. Container terminal (yard) operator. It is the department that handles the loading, unloading, transfer, and storage of containers at the terminal. It provides various container transportation services on behalf of the shipper or its agent and the carrier or its agent.
  
6. Container Freight Station (CFS). Special places for container transfer, transfer, or other transportation services established in large and medium cities with convenient inland transportation.
  
7. Consignor.
Container marking
In order to facilitate the identification and management of containers in circulation and use, and to facilitate the preparation of documents and information transmission, the International Organization for Standardization has developed a container mark, which is the "Code, Identification and Marking of Containers" (ISO6346-1981 (E)).
 
There are two types of marks required by the International Organization for Standardization: mandatory marks and optional marks. In each type of mark, there are a mark and a job mark. Specifically, the container has a container master code; a container number or sequence number, a check number; and a container size and type code.
1.Required mark
 
1) Identification mark. It includes box owner generation, sequence number and check number.
 
(1) Box owner code. According to the International Organization for Standardization, the box owner code is represented by four uppercase Latin letters, the first three digits are specified by the box owner, and the fourth letter is always represented by U.
 
(2) The order is good, also known as the box number, which consists of 6 Arabic letters. If the small digit is not 6 digits, use "0" before 6 digits. Such as "053842".
 
(3) Check the numbers. The check number is the basis for the accuracy of the box owner code and sequence number. It is located after the box number and is indicated by a single Arabic number plus a box.
  2) Job mark.
It includes the following three contents:
 
(1) Marking of rated weight and custom weight. The rated weight is the total weight of the container, and the dead weight is the weight of the empty container (or the weight of the empty container). ISO688 regulations shall be expressed in kilograms (kg) and pounds (lb) at the same time.
 
(2) Air-land-water intermodal container marking. Due to the strength of the container, only two layers can be stacked. Therefore, the International Organization for Standardization stipulates a special mark for the container, the mark is black, and it is located at the upper left corner of the side wall and the end wall. 76mm.
 
(3) Electric shock warning sign on the top of the board. This mark is fed with yellow triangles of various colors and is generally located at the tank container and the escalator on the top of the ascending box to warn the boarded person of the danger of electric shock.
  
2, optional mark
1) Identification mark
  
It includes (1) country and region codes, such as CN for China; US for US
 
(2) Size and type code (box code).
   
2) Job mark.
  
It includes (1) an ultra-high mark, which is marked with a black number and a frame on a yellow bottom. This mark is affixed to the lower left corner of each side of the container, about 0.6m away from the bottom of the container. At the same time, this sticker is placed below the main mark of the container . This mark shall be affixed to containers with a height exceeding 2.6m.
 
(2) International Railway Union mark. Containers that meet the requirements of the "International Railway Union Regulations" can be awarded this mark. The sign is a necessary sign for transporting containers on the European railways.
   
3. Peer mark
  
The container can pass or enter the country during transit smoothly. The container must be affixed with various traffic signs required by regulations. Otherwise, it will have to go through tedious certification procedures and prolong the turnaround time of the container.
 
 
 

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